European shipowners control 34.5% of the global fleet by tonnage, underlining the sector’s strategic importance to Europe’s security and competitiveness, according to a study released by European Shipowners (ECSA).

The research found that European shipping controls 28% of the world’s bulkers, 45% of container ships, 34% of tankers and 32% of LNG carriers.

The study revealed that, although the EU accounts for about 15% of global GDP, the European fleet grew by 2.6% in 2025, its strongest year-on-year increase in the past five years. Even so, fleets elsewhere are expanding more quickly.

ECSA also found that European shipowners account for 44% of the global orderbook for vessels powered by sustainable fuels. Within Europe’s own orderbook, 54% of units are designed to run on alternative fuels.

However, the association warned that this investment is not being matched by fuel availability. Asia accounts for 74% of clean fuel production projects, while Europe represents only 10%.

ECSA noted that this gap is not only a transition issue but also an energy security concern for Europe. The association argued that the €9bn collected annually from shipping through the EU Emissions Trading System should be reinvested in clean fuel production for shipping in Europe.

The research also highlighted the wider economic role of the sector, noting that 76% of the EU’s external trade is transported by sea. It added that 90% of European shipping companies control fewer than 10 ships, showing the importance of small and medium-sized operators across the industry.

Sotiris Raptis, secretary general of ECSA, said: “The European fleet is growing steadily, but other fleets are growing faster. This shows the harsh competition European shipping is facing. To stay competitive at a global level, we need an international level playing field.”

He added: “As long as shipping is subject to the EU climate legislation, it is essential to invest the €9bn paid by shipping companies to the EU ETS to support production and availability of clean fuels for shipping in Europe.”

The full study is available here.